Blackberry extract is a rich source of Anthocyanins.
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blackberry, and
their practical interpretation by Ray Sahelian, M.D.
Blackberry extract may fight
cancer
An extract derived from fresh blackberries has been seen to reduce cancerous
tumors and prevent the proliferation of cancer cells in animal models.
Researchers, led by cell biologist Min Ding and plant physiologist Shiow Wang,
identified the water-soluble flavonoid cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) as the active
compound responsible for blackberries' antioxidant benefits. Ding and Wang set
about testing the anti-cancer potential of C3G, and their findings were
published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry in June, 2006. First, they
tested the C3G on a group of mice that had skin tumors. In the mice that
received the C3G supplement, they observed a significant reduction in the growth
and spreading of tumors compared to those that did not. They also looked at its
effect in lung-cancer cells of immune-suppressed mice; lung cancer is more
likely than other forms of the disease to spread to other organs. However they
observed that the C3G reduced growth of the cancer cells in the mice, and
inhibited their spread.
Dr. Sahelian comments: There are countless substances in fruits,
vegetables, and herbs that have anti-tumor activity. I'm not sure if blackberry
extract is more important that other herbal extracts.
Blackberry Research Update
Effect of anthocyanins contained in a blackberry extract on the circulatory
failure and multiple organ dysfunction caused by endotoxin in the rat.
Planta Med. 2004 Aug;70(8):745-52.
Anthocyanins are a group of naturally occurring phenolic compounds related to
the colouring of plants, flowers and fruits. These pigments are important as
quality indicators, chemotaxonomic markers and for their antioxidant activities.
Here we have investigated the therapeutic efficacy of anthocyanins contained in
a blackberry extract on (i) circulatory failure, (ii), multiple organ
dysfunction and (iii) activity of the inducible isoforms of nitric oxide (NO)
synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) in anaesthetised rats with endotoxic
shock. In a model of endotoxic shock induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS, E.
coli, 10 mg/kg, i.v.) in the rat, pretreatment with anthocyanins present in the
blackberry extract (5 mg/kg, i. v. 30 min before LPS) prevented the hypotension
induced by LPS. Endotoxaemia also caused rises in the serum levels of (i)
glutamyl oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamyl pyruvic transaminase (GPT),
alkaline phosphates and bilirubin (hepatic dysfunction) (ii) creatinine (renal
dysfunction), (iii) amylase and lipase (pancreatic injury), (iii) NOx and
6-keto-PGF1 alpha. Anthocyanins attenuated the hepatic and pancreatic injury,
the renal dysfunction and decreased NOx and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels.
Endotoxaemia for 6 h resulted in a substantial increase in iNOS and COX activity
in rat lung, which was attenuated in rats pretreated with anthocyanins.
Moreover, anthocyanins (0.02 - 0.32 mg/mL) inhibited in vitro iNOS and COX
activity from lung of LPS-treated rats. Polymorphonuclear (PMN) infiltration (myeloperoxidase
activity), lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde levels), as well as tissue injury
(histological examination) induced by LPS in rat lung and ileum was reduced by
anthocyanins (5 mg/kg, i. v. 30 min before LPS). Furthermore, endotoxaemia
induced the formation of nitrotyrosine and poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase (PARS)
activation as determined by immunohistochemical analysis of lung and ileum
tissues. The degree of staining was lowered by anthocyanin treatment. These
results indicate that the anthocyanins contained in the blackberry extract exert
multiple protective effects in endotoxic shock.
Blackberry extracts inhibit activating protein 1 activation and cell
transformation by perturbing the mitogenic signaling pathway.
Nutr Cancer. 2004;50(1):80-9.
Blackberries are natural rich sources of bioflavonoids and phenolic
compounds that are commonly known as potential chemopreventive agents.
Here, we investigated the effects of fresh blackberry extracts on
proliferation of cancer cells and neoplastic transformation induced by
12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), as well as the underlying
mechanisms of signal transduction pathways. Using electron spin resonance,
we found that blackberry extract is an effective scavenger of free
radicals, including hydroxyl and superoxide radicals. Blackberry extract
inhibited the proliferation of a human lung cancer cell line, A549.
Pretreatment of A549 cells with blackberry extract resulted in an
inhibition of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) formation induced by
ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation. Blackberry extract decreased TPA-induced
neoplastic transformation of JB6 P+ cells. Pretreatment of JB6 cells with
blackberry extract resulted in the inhibition of both UVB- and TPA-induced
AP-1 transactivation. Furthermore, blackberry extract also blocked UVB- or
TPA-induced phosphorylation of ERKs and JNKs, but not p38 kinase. Overall,
these results indicated that an extract from fresh blackberry may inhibit
tumor promoter-induced carcinogenesis and associated cell signaling, and
suggest that the chemopreventive effects of fresh blackberry may be
through its antioxidant properties by blocking reactive oxygen
species-mediated AP-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.
Blackberry questions
Q. Can blackberry herb be taken the same day as
AHCC?
A. I don't see any reason why blackberry can't be
combined with this supplement.
Q. Is blackberry supplement useful for
sexual
enhancement?
A. I have not seen any research in this area and I have
not taken a blackberry supplement to know if it has an effect on libido.
Q. I'm wondering if you know where to purchase
blackberry extract in bulk? We supply raw materials to contract
manufacturers and are currently looking for blackberry extract
standardized to Anthocyanins.
A. We don't know at this time.