Phytosterols are plant sterols, mainly campesterol and sitosterol, and their respective stanols (5 alpha-saturated derivatives), which chemically resemble cholesterol. They are present in a normal diet bur less than 0.1% of serum sterols are plant sterols.
Examples of Phytosterols
There are a number of phytosterols including
beta sitosterol,
stigmasterol, campesterol,
and
brassicasterol. Certain herbs have a high concentration of
phytosterols, for instance,
saw palmetto.
Saw Palmetto Extract, 320 mg
Physician Formulas
Supports Healthy Prostate Function
Saw palmetto extract contains pure saw palmetto extract guaranteed to
supply 45% fatty acids and beneficial plant sterols, which are the
herb's key active ingredients. Extraction is done using carbon dioxide,
the finished product is free of solvent residues.
Saw Palmetto
Supplement Facts
Amount Per Capsule
Saw Palmetto extract (Berry) - 320 mg*
Fatty Acids - 45% fatty acids
Benefit of Phytosterols
Phytosterols inhibit intestinal cholesterol
absorption, and fat-soluble plant stanol esters were introduced as a
functional food for lowering serum cholesterol in the early 1990s; plant
sterol esters entered the market at the end of the 1990s. Inhibition of
the intestinal absorption of cholesterol stimulates cholesterol synthesis,
a factor which limits serum cholesterol lowering to about 10% with
phytosterols. Enrichment of the diet with plant stanol esters reduces
absorption and serum concentrations of both cholesterol and plant sterols,
whereas enrichment of the diet with plant sterol esters, especially in
combination with statins, lowers serum cholesterol but increases serum
plant sterol levels. Long-term cholesterol lowering, needed for the
prevention of coronary heart disease, may be successful with plant stanol
esters, which lower serum cholesterol in both genders over at least a
year.
Campesterol in blood
Like cholesterol, campesterol and other phytosterols
are transported by lipoproteins, mainly by LDL, and secreted unchanged in bile.