Nitrate Nitrite health benefit and side effects

The presence of nitrates and nitrites in food is associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal cancer. Approximately 80% of dietary nitrates are derived from vegetable consumption; sources of nitrites include vegetables, fruit, and processed meats. Nitrites are produced in the body through the oxidation of nitric oxide and through a reduction of nitrate by bacteria in the mouth and gastrointestinal tract. As such, the dietary provision of nitrates and nitrites from vegetables and fruit may contribute to the blood pressure–lowering effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. See also nitrosamine information.

Risk for infants
High intake of these substances in infants may cause methemoglobinemia.