Rabies infection by Ray Sahelian, M.D. Rabies around the world
Rabies is a disease of the central nervous system caused by a virus. Rabies is one of the oldest and most feared diseases reported in medical literature. Incidence of rabies is widespread throughout the world. Human rabies cases have been documented on all continents except Australia and the Antarctic. Many cases are unreported in third world countries. Since control of canine rabies in the 1940s and 1950s, human rabies in the United States has become quite rare.
After someone is exposed to rabies, they have to be treated quickly with anti-rabies serum, or immune globulin - a scarce commodity. Anti-rabies immune globulin is derived from the blood of horses or people who have been infected with the rabies virus, producing antibodies that can be used to neutralize rabies in newly infected people. Experiments in hamsters show that a combination of two monoclonal antibodies or MAbs, which can be produced consistently and in relatively large quantities, may be as effective and safe as anti-rabies immune globulin for post-exposure prevention.
Rabies in China
China's booming southern province of Guangdong has
reported more than 300 deaths from rabies in 2005, the highest number in a
decade, as its increasingly affluent population buys more dogs. Pet dogs were
shunned in the days of Mao Zedong as a symbol of bourgeois decadence and dog is
still a popular restaurant dish. But pets have become increasingly popular in
the last decade with improved living standards. Last year, 330,000 people sought
treatment for rabies in Guangdong, which borders Hong Kong, and 500,000 were
vaccinated. There were 1.5 million reported dog bites or scratches. Some 2,660
people died of rabies in China in 2004, according to Ministry of Health figures.
Rabies in India
India reports at least 20,500 deaths from rabies every year out of 50,000 fatalities globally, WHO data shows. But experts say many deaths go unreported. Poor people cannot afford to buy rabies vaccines, which cost around 1,500 rupees ($32) for a full course from private hospitals and chemists.
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