X-Ray by Ray Sahelian, M.D. X-Ray Diagnosis

X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 to 0.01 nanometers, corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 to 30 000 PHz (1015 hertz). X-rays are primarily used for diagnostic radiography and crystallography.

Chest X-ray and Breast Cancer

Exposure to chest X-rays may increase the risk for breast cancer risk in mutation carriers. Studies have shown that young girls who receive repeated X-rays for assessment of scoliosis have an increased risk of breast cancer. Dr. David Goldgar of Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, and colleagues retrospectively evaluated 1601 women who were either BRCA1 or BRCA2 carriers and were exposed to routine, occasional and conventional chest X-rays for screening or diagnosis to assess risk of breast cancer. These women already have a high risk of breast cancer without the possible risk increase conveyed by chest X-rays. The IBCCS members found that any reported exposure to chest X-rays was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.54. Women 40 years old or younger had an even higher risk of breast cancer after chest X-ray exposure with an HR of 1.97. Women born after 1949 had an HR of 2.56. BRCA1/2 carriers exposed to chest X-rays before age 20 had the highest risk, with an HR of 4.64. Journal of Clinical Oncolology 2006;24:3361-3366.

Computed tomography (CT) coronary angiography raises breast cancer risk
A special type of X-ray used to diagnose heart disease may cause cancer in women and young adults. The procedure, called a computed tomography (CT) coronary angiography can see inside the heart and its arteries without invading the body. But it gives a high dose of radiation, enough to cause cancer in vulnerable people. The CT angiography is sometimes used in emergency rooms when someone comes in with chest pain and doctors need to assess quickly whether a heart attack is likely.
 

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X-rays are a form of ionizing radiation and as such can be dangerous.
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